Friday, August 12, 2011

At 6-month quake anniversary, Haiti activists continue efforts



The January 2010 earthquake in Haiti mobilized the Jewish and general communities worldwide to help. I followed the progress of the aid workers closely, and was privileged to talk with Ruth Messinger and her staff at the American Jewish World Service. I was particularly struck by the difference between some superficial news briefs that described the money raised for Haiti as if it were already there, and the reality I learned from AJWS: That any aid campaign is at best a slow, steady progress from initial fundraising to finally implementing the practical help "on the ground." And I learned that AJWS is among the best in the world at doing this.


Monday, June 20, 2011

My golden countries: A life within Jewish books

By Lyn Davidson

Associate Editor

Heritage Florida Jewish News

[This column originally appeared in the Heritage Florida Jewish News, Nov. 5, 2010]

Just like the five little girls in Sydney Taylor’s “All-of-a-Kind Family,” I used to walk to the library. Every week on long, hot summer days, I’d alternately skip or trudge along, holding my mother’s hand, skirting a then-rundown neighborhood near Orlando’s Lake Eola Park.

Like the hard-working immigrant family in Taylor’s books, we were poor and didn’t have a car, or much money to buy books. But when the big bronze library doors whispered shut behind me, and I traced a path through the cool silences that unfolded row after row of books, I felt like the heir to a kingdom.

I still feel the flush of excitement that I, the only child of a single mother, felt reading about “all-of-a-kind” sisters Ella, Henny, Sarah, Charlotte and Gertie and their warm and loving family, sharing adventures—when adventures cost pennies—in Manhattan’s Lower East Side of the early 20th century.

Of course, one of my favorite chapters was the story of their friendship with the kind “library lady,” which blossoms when she finds a solution to eight-year-old Sarah’s devastating confession (who among Taylor’s young readers has not shivered in sympathy?) that she’s lost a library book. Though separated from them by three-quarters of a century, I grew up thinking of those five little girls as my friends.

That the Jewish love of learning runs deep in our culture is a truism that’s actually true. “If you drop gold and books, pick up the books first, then the gold,” said 12th century Rabbi Yehudah He-Hasid.

Jewish Book Month, coordinated by the Jewish Book Council, is celebrated every year during the month before Chanukah—this year from Nov. 2 to Dec. 2. While most of us don’t need a designated month to prompt us to read, it has me thinking about some of the first Jewish books that shaped my life, and recent ones I’ve fallen in love with.

You won’t be surprised that the next big Jewish book for me was Anne Frank’s diary. As a more-mature-than-was-good-for-me 11-year-old, I knew about the Holocaust. What I wasn’t prepared for was the intimacy of reading about the everyday life of an everyday girl my age being slowly but inexorably circumscribed, then extinguished.

Yet Anne’s story also brought the warmth of familiarity: the simple dailiness of her life peeling potatoes in her “Secret Annex,” her movie star photos decorating its walls, our shared passion for history and mythology, her complicated feelings of belonging to her family even as her growing self-knowledge alienated her from them, her first love, her fiery ambition to be a writer, the exhilarating feeling of being safely hidden from the wreckage of the world outside—if only for a moment.

As a young adult, I grew seriously interested in becoming a historian of the Holocaust (or at least in understanding why some dark atavistic pathology within human nature might one day kill me simply for existing). Under my bedside lamp were Elie Wiesel’s and Primo Levi’s memoirs, Hannah Arendt’s historical ruminations, and biographies of heroic rescuer Raoul Wallenberg.

But before all these, I read William L. Shirer’s magisterial “The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich,” and its stark documentation of the Germans’ murder rooms tore the flesh off my soul.

Book lovers say the right book finds its reader at the right time. If Shirer taught me—at age 15—that I was nothing but dust and ashes, when I immediately afterwards read Max I. Dimont’s “Jews, God and History,” I realized that I was also that for which the world had been created.

Dimont’s classic popular history was the first book since my beloved “All-of-a-Kind Family” to give me Judaism bathed in the light of warmth, beauty, and a proud humanism. Dimont gloried in presenting the survival and cohesion of the Jewish people against all odds. He wove a glowing tapestry showcasing heroic Jewish contributions to science, medicine, law, the arts, and the enlightenment of all people. My battered and dog-eared paperback copy of his book remains a precious resident on my shelves.

I first read Viktor Frankl’s “Man’s Search For Meaning” as a 24-year-old spending long nights by my mother’s bedside in the hospital. As she lay consumed by an incurable illness, I battled shadows. Frankl, a psychiatrist who survived Auschwitz, wrote that even when your name, your history, and all control over your own life are stripped from you, you still have the power to choose the meaning of your life. “Man,” he wrote, “is that being who invented the gas chambers of Auschwitz; however, he is also that being who entered those gas chambers upright, with the Lord’s Prayer or the Shema Yisrael on his lips.”

The Jewish books I’ve loved in recent years have been those that reveal all the strange and hard-to-resolve complexities of human beings, yet still exalt the power of love and hope, and the bonds that knit Jews together in a meaning larger than ourselves.

“A Pigeon and a Boy” by Israeli novelist Meir Shalev is the story of a misfit young master of carrier pigeons during the War of Independence, and of his love for a young girl that echoes through the lives and loves of the next generation of Israelis.

Geraldine Brooks’ “People of the Book” is a rich and ingenious novel that traces the journey of the magnificent Sarajevo Haggadah through time, and the parallel histories of the Jews and non-Jews whose lives it touches.

“The Plot Against America” is my all-time favorite Phillip Roth novel. In a meticulously detailed and blisteringly satirized alternate America, anti-Semite Charles Lindbergh defeats FDR, and a young Jewish boy grows up haphazardly (is there any other way to grow up in a Roth novel?) amid his country’s growing fascism and isolationism.

I only discovered “Life and Fate” by Vasily Grossman a few months ago. Jewish and a journalist, he traveled with the Red Army and used his war reporting and his own experiences to create an 800-page novel that is one of the most overwhelming testaments ever written to the best and the worst across a wide swath of humanity. The Soviets were so afraid of it they even confiscated his typewriter ribbons.

On my first trip to Israel, my talisman was a book of poems by my favorite Israeli poet, Yehuda Amichai, whose language is as commonplace as the stones lining the street outside a Jerusalem cafĂ©, and as majestic as the Hebrew Bible. In his book “Open Closed Open,” he could have been writing my thoughts about Israel, and about all Jews: “We will be ourselves, we will be ebb and flow, changing weathers, seasons of the year, we will go on being, we will go on and on.”

“The Art of Blessing the Day” is Marge Piercy’s collection of poems sanctifying the everyday rituals of Jewish life. She writes, “We are the people of the book, and the letters march busy as ants carrying the work of the ages through our minds. We are the people of the book. Through fire and mud and dust we have borne our scrolls tenderly as a baby swaddled in a blanket, traveling with our words sewn in our clothes and carried on our backs.”

We are the People of the Book, and no matter how tempest-tossed, we have found our truest Goldene Medina—our land of streets paved with gold—inside the pages of books.


'Man is steel:' Samuel Maoz's 'Lebanon' debuts in Orlando

‘Man is steel:’ Samuel Maoz’s ‘Lebanon’ debuts in Orlando

Film review by Lyn Davidson

Associate Editor

Heritage Florida Jewish News

[This review originally appeared in the Heritage Florida Jewish News, Oct. 22, 2010.]

You are packed, sweating, with three other men, gripped inside metal walls. In the blackness, only the flickering lights of the instrument panels illuminate the faces near you, but you can smell the others’ fear because it is also yours. You’re rattling up rocky terrain so fast you can hardly see outside through the shaking of your scope. The green of your night vision catches a swathe of banana leaves in the crosshairs as the tank pounds up the incline and slashes through the trees. Your little round window is the only way you have to know there’s a world out there, while the sky and the trees rush up at you from far away and then too close, blurred and dizzying and quick. It’s only after you lurch into a stop that you release the breath you’ve been holding you don’t even know how long.

Israeli director Samuel Maoz’s “Lebanon,” winner of the Golden Lion at the 2009 Venice Film Festival, has been called “’Das Boot’ in a tank” for its intimate, gritty, claustrophobic close-up of a group of fighting men confined. But it’s what we normally call a “war movie” only in the sense that it’s set on the first day of Israel’s 1982 war with Lebanon. Maoz has said that his goal was to create an experience, rather than to follow a conventional plot line. “I wrote ‘Lebanon’ straight from my gut,” he said. “No intellectual cognition charted my path. My memory of the events themselves had become dim and blurred. Scripting conventions such as introductions, character backgrounds and dramatic structure did not concern me. What remained fresh and bleeding was the emotional memory. I wrote what I felt.”

On June 6, 1982, 20-year-old Maoz, a gunner whose only targets until then had been discarded barrels, took his place inside a tank as the IDF rolled into Lebanon to drive out the PLO terrorists whose artillery and mortars had been raining down on the Galilee. “At 6:15 a.m.,” he said, “I killed a man for the first time in my life.”

That bloody, 18-year war and its unintentional destruction of civilians used by the enemy as human shields haunts today’s generation of Israeli filmmakers, like Ari Folman, who directed “Waltz With Bashir.”

By 2006, Maoz saw a new generation of Israelis dying in Lebanon, and decided it was finally time to confront the demons he’d been suppressing for 25 years.

Yoav Donat (in his first role after completing his acting studies) is Shmulik, the “new guy” gunner in the tank. Maoz worked closely with Donat to recreate his own visceral knowledge and experiences within the actor, even forcing him to stay for hours inside a rocking enclosed metal chamber heated almost to the point of being unbearable.

That intense transfer of experience shows in all the performances. For the first part of the film, Donat is the sensitive viewpoint character—the stand-in for Maoz and for us—who simply reacts to the increasing violence of the events overtaking him. Through facial expressions alone, Donat limns Shmulik’s guilt and anguish when his hesitation to obey his first order to open fire gets a paratrooper killed.

Michael Moshonov makes driver Yigal’s childlike cries for his mother cut to our hearts. Itay Tiran is tank commander Assi, whose steady mental deterioration and loss of authority increase the tension among the others. Oshri Cohen is Herztel, the volatile loader who never misses a chance to challenge Assi. Zohar Strauss is Jamil, the commander who sporadically drops into the tank from outside with orders and rebukes that increasingly make no sense. The breakneck pace and staccato dialogue reveal little of the characters’ backstories, but the actors give us their interior worlds through their eyes alone.

Political purists will decry the fact that “Lebanon” throws us into the war with no explanation of the background causes that justified the Israelis’ turning ordinary Lebanese lives into a boiling hell. But the purity of art can’t be held captive to political ends. Maoz’s decision to edit out large stretches of footage that would have better explained the plot is firmly in line with Aristotle’s definition of dramatic catharsis: a cleansing of our emotions through the experience of pity and fear.

Maoz is a master of visual and emotional irony. “Man is steel,” says the inscription written inside the tank. “The tank is only iron.” After a seemingly routine mission to “clean up” an Arab village the Air Force has bombed, the tank is stranded, disabled, inside a travel agency, where posters of the Eiffel Tower, Big Ben and the World Trade Center mock the soldiers’ entrapment by Syrians outside. Their Lebanese Christian ally jauntily greets them in English, all smiles, then mutters in Arabic to the Syrian prisoner in the tank of the exquisite tortures he will inflict on him. Jamil tells them they’re going to have “a walk in the park” until they reach the luxurious “San Tropez” hotel, which might as well be Shangri-La. The men inside the tank hear crackling radio voices talking of “flowers” and “angels” as Shmulik’s scope flits over disjointed glimpses of the dying paratrooper outside whose guts spill onto the ground.

“Lebanon” works on so many levels at once, it’s tempting to parse it the way rabbinic scholars explicate biblical text. Its peshat, or plain meaning, tells a simple story of a boy’s education sentimentale in blood, fire and death. The remez level, that hints in symbols, says war is hell. The derash strives for meaning in showing us that, in the chaos of war, we brush up close against the broken humanity of comrades, enemies, and those caught in-between, and in that place there are no clear-cut answers. Each viewer will have to discover the sod, the hidden, esoteric meaning, for himself or herself, though many will be tortured by the whisper of this simple truth: The body survives the death of the soul’s innocence.

Israeli producer and director Micha Shagrir has said, “It’s hard to think of a heroic war film” made in Israel in the last 40 years. “Lebanon’s” characters are raw and scared and increasingly untethered. Likewise, at first it feels surreal to call “Lebanon” a “beautiful” film after its unrelenting emotional rape of the viewer. But, even aside from Giora Bejach’s painstakingly sculpted cinematography worthy of Caravaggio, the film gives us beauty grounded in truth.

During the early days of filming, Maoz developed an excruciating infection in his foot, and had to be knocked out with painkillers. Then five little pieces of shrapnel, his remaining souvenirs of 1982, began to work their way through his flesh to the outside, and he was healed.

“Lebanon” (2009, 94 minutes, in Hebrew, Arabic, French and English, with English subtitles) is written and directed by Samuel Maoz, and is a Sony Pictures Classics release. Rated R. It runs Friday, Oct. 22 through Thursday, Oct. 28 at the Enzian Theater, 1300 S. Orlando Ave. in Maitland. For tickets and show times, visit www.enzian.org or call 407-629-0054.


Monday, May 23, 2011

Holocaust studies continue in Kentucky, and other corrections

Being the "first draft of history" has its disadvantages. But if I'm going to make a correction, the least I can do is learn something from it.